@article{oai:kokushikan.repo.nii.ac.jp:00012579,
 author = {土佐, 昌樹 and Tosa, Masaki},
 journal = {Asia Japan Journal = AJ Journal = AJJ = アジア・日本研究センター紀要},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {J-GLOBAL ID : 200901090960446329, The imperialistic expansion by the West presented a difficult task of redefining the collective identity of people in East Asia during the latter half of the 19th century. Nationalism, or the concept of nation, was a dominant force to accelerate such process interacting with similar but rival ideologies such as colonialism, socialism, and Asianism. The Japanese colonial domination of Korea, which started in 1905, induced a sharp contrast between nationalisms of the two countries. Japan needed an ideology that could rationalize the nationalistic solidarity on one hand, and its colonial expansion on the other hand. So the state should be predominant over ethnic identity. But Korean people sought a different type of nationalism with emphasis on ethnic identity, rather than the sate that had been deprived of by Japan. In other words, Japan developed state nationalism, while Korea developed ethnic nationalism.
　　In this paper, I will elucidate the meanings of this contrast focusing on two representative intellectuals of that time, Fukuzawa Yukichi (1835–1901) and Shin Chaeho (1880–1936). Fukuzawa has been one of the most prominent intellectuals in Japan who led modernization process. He showed deep understanding about the significance of equality, not as an idealized goal but as a secular condition for capitalistic competition. He was an enlightenment thinker and an active journalist at the same time; as such he endeavored to propagate this message to people in Japan. His message even affected some Korean intellectuals who tried to modernize their country. Fukuzawa tried to support their movement in an activist way. But since the idea based on traditional hierarchy was much more influential than nationalism in Korea, those endeavors all failed in a tragic way.
　　Shin started his career as a journalist just before the colonial period. He fled to China to escape from the Japanese rule, and vigorously continued his activities playing a triple role as a journalist, a historian, and an activist. He believed in supremacy of Korean nation, which could be revealed through history regardless of vicissitudes of the state. So he explored the archaic history and found the father of nation, Dangun. He created pure independent history of Korean people uncontaminated by China or Japan. Although he inspired absolute antagonism against Japanese colonialism in a militant way, he was rather disappointed with real activism. He gradually approached an anarchist way of thinking in his late days, but his ideas are still influential in today’s Korea, both North and South. He represents the first generation of Korean nationalism.
　　Fukuzawa and Shin never met each other in real life, but the complex interactions between the two nationalisms epitomized by them did play a vital role in the real world., application/pdf},
 pages = {61--78},
 title = {日韓関係とナショナリズムの「起源」Ⅱ : 平等とルサンチマン},
 volume = {12},
 year = {2017},
 yomi = {トサ, マサキ}
}